2 Samuel 19:40

Authorized King James Version

Then the king went on to Gilgal, and Chimham went on with him: and all the people of Judah conducted the king, and also half the people of Israel.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וֶיֽעֱבִ֣רוּ
conducted
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#2
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ
Then the king
a king
#3
הַגִּלְגָּ֔לָה
to Gilgal
gilgal, the name of three places in palestine
#4
וְכִמְהָ֖ן
and Chimham
kimham, an israelite
#5
וֶיֽעֱבִ֣רוּ
conducted
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#6
עִמּ֑וֹ
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#7
וְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#8
עַ֥ם
the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#9
יְהוּדָה֙
of Judah
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
#10
וֶיֽעֱבִ֣רוּ
conducted
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#11
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#12
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ
Then the king
a king
#13
וְגַ֕ם
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
#14
חֲצִ֖י
and also half
the half or middle
#15
עַ֥ם
the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#16
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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